Install the image on the sd card:

1. in terminal window, run df -h
2. insert SD card into PC
3. run df -h
   the SD card should show up
4. use Disk Utility (Applications -> System Tools -> Preferences -> Disk Utility to unmount the drive.
5. sudo dd bs=4M if=./2014-01-07-wheezy-raspbian.img of=/dev/rdiskX # Substitute disk number for X

1. Use Applications -> System Tools -> Preferences -> Disk Utility to unmount the drive.

1. use lsblk to list devices
2. if any partitions of the sd card have been mounted, unmount them with unmount. Like:

   umount /media/ECE4-1B42
   

3. copy image file to sd card:

   sudo dd bs=4M if=./image.img of=/dev/sdb conv=fsync
   

4. unplug the sd card, plug it back in. Linux should mount the two drives, boot and rootfs
5. on the rootfs drive, change to the boot directory, and create a file named ssh. This enables ssh on boot
6. edit the wpa_supplicant.conf:

   sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

   
   Add the following to the end of the file:

   network={
       ssid="testing"
       psk="testingPassword"
   }
   

   
   The above is all wrong. Create a file named wpa_supplicant.conf in the boot directory, the the device will copy it to the right location on boot.
7. edit /etc/dhcpcd.conf Add this to the end:

   interface eth0
   static ip_address=192.168.1.15/24
   static routers=192.168.1.1
   static domain_name_servers=192.168.1.1
   

   
   eth0 should be wlan0 for wifi

Copy the image back to the hard drive:

dd bs=4M if=/dev/sdX of=from-sd-card.img

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Resources
INSTALLING OPERATING SYSTEM IMAGES ON LINUX
SETTING UP A RASPBERRY PI HEADLESS (no information, has links for stuff)
GETTING STARTED WITH THE RASPBERRY PI ZERO W WITHOUT A MONITOR (this is barely useful)